Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positively charged nucleus and shared pair of valence electrons. Both phosphorus and chlorine are non metallic elements. On melting these ions become free to move and hence conducts electricity in the molten state.
Lithium bromide is an ionic compound of lithium and bromine. Lithium is an alkali metal which has 3 electrons. This means that there is a transfer of electrons taking place, not sharing of electrons covalent. Why is CO2 a linear molecule whereas H2O has a v-shaped geometry? By Bagus Amin - PM -. Share this. Newer Post Older Post Home. This results in high ionization energy, and thus, we can rule out the possibility of ionic bonding. However, we notice that the P atom needs 3 electrons to complete its octet and the Cl atoms need 1 electron each to complete their octet.
This is possible when electron sharing takes place between the P and Cl atoms. Thus, each bond contains one electron from the P atom and another electron from the Cl atom. A Covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration. In the case of Ionic bonding, the two atoms in question gain and lose electrons to form a negatively charged anion and a positively charged cation, respectively.
The difference between the two can be further explained by comparing the properties of their compounds. High Ionization Potential: Both atoms should have high ionization potential as ionization potential is proportional to the energy required for ion formation.
High Electron Affinity : Both atoms should have high electron affinity to assist in sharing electrons. Electronegativity Difference : The electronegativity difference should be as small as possible because a higher contrast in electronegativity implies more ionic character and less sharing of electrons.
Step 1 : Determine the central atom. In our case, we choose P as the central atom. We are now ready to draw the Lewis structure of PCl3. First, we place the P atom at the center and remove three single bonds 3 bond pairs connecting the Cl atoms. You can also read out the article I wrote on the lewis structure of PCl3. The repulsion between the lone pair on the P atom and the bond pairs of the Cl atoms will force the molecule to adopt a trigonal bipyramidal geometry.
The 3s and 3p orbitals are pretty close in energy and can hybridize into four equivalent sp3 orbitals. One sp3 orbital will contain the lone pair of the P atom, and the other three sp3 orbitals will have one electron each.
The atomic orbitals of each Cl atom can now share their electrons with sp3 orbital electrons to fulfill their octet. The entropy change would favor the reaction since it yields 4 mole of gasses from 1 mole of solid and 2 mole of solution.
Mercury dissolves to form amalgams with gold, zinc, and many other metals. Iron is an exception, and iron flasks have been traditionally used to trade mercury. Sodium amalgam is a common reducing agent in organic synthesis, and it is also used in high-pressure sodium lamps. Mercuric chloride is obtained by the action of chlorine on mercury or on mercury I chloride.
Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Press ESC to cancel. Ben Davis January 7, Is PCl3 covalent or ionic? Does PCl3 contain ionic bonds? Why pbcl2 is ionic? Is of2 ionic?
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